From Desmond Mgboh, Kano

Before his demise, Alhaji Yusuf Maitama Sule, granted the Sun an exclusive interview where he spoke on the recent efforts by the Indigenous People of Biafra(IPOB) to secede, saying they would not succeed.

Excerpts:

 Looking at the  spate of corruption charges against some members of the political class, how do you think that the nation’s founding fathers, like the late Sarduana, Ahmadu Bello would have responded to this development?

 I think that he would die ten times over and would go back to his grave over the issue of corruption in the land. This is because Sarduana and our leaders in the First Republic- Dr Azikiwe, Chief Awolowo, Sir Abubakar Tafewa Balewa, Chief Aminu Kano and Tarka- were great leaders who went to do politics but to give and not to take. Their main interest was the country. They were always prepared to cooperate with one another in order to move the country forward, they were always ready to sacrifice their personal interest for the personal interest of the country and in those days, their main concern and their dream was a greater Nigeria. A Nigeria united , whose people would be their brothers’ keepers and would build a good reputation ; a Nigeria that would be respected and would inspire blacks all over the world. That was their dream. But have their dreams been realized now? In those days Nigerians were respected all over the world. Wherever they went they were admired, they were loved; they were respected. The reputation of the country was high. Indeed, because of this, there was a report in 1961, which said that Nigeria with two other developing countries, would in 20 to 50 years, be shoulder to shoulder with the developed countries of the world- United States, Great Britain, Germany, France and so on if it had gone with the kind of leadership that it had started with.

In those days, even the country at home was calm. We had morality in our society, there was respect for elders and for constituted authority. Because of the good leadership, there was in fact little corruption in the system, if any at all. I have always stated that today unfortunately, all these norms and values that were left by our founding fathers are no longer with us. What is happening in the country, I mean the reports of corruption, is not in our character. The institution of family has broken down, respect for our elders and constituted authority, which used to be a cardinal principle in our society is now at its lowest ebb. Honesty, where it does not pay, has become meaningless, symptoms of revolt looms large in the horizon. In short today, there is meaningless in philosophy, insecurity in polity; immorality in society, corruption in economy and even frustration in arts and lack of creativity in literature.

 What is your perception of the level of corruption in the country?

I have painted the picture black, but I have not lost hope. I have faith in God. Nigerians, both Muslims and Christians are good followers of their religion and I hope that they would practice what they have been taught in their religions: he who has faith in God does not lose hope in him.  I am therefore optimistic that all the ugly things that are now around us would one day come to an end, by the grace of God. I have seen it in the past; I saw crises before and after Independence. We have been able to overcome them, by the grace of God.

I saw the crises of the Independence motion of Chief Enaharo in 1952 or 53, which almost broke the country apart. That was during the colonial days. He brought this motion asking for Independence immediately and the Northern members of the House who were representatives amended the motion to read, “ as soon as practicable”. This did not go down with our Southern brothers and they organized all sort of things against them.

 The Northern legislators were stoned, they were abused and  had to be escorted to Kaduna by the police. Later Chief Akintola was sent to Kano to give a lecture, to explain to the people in the North that their representatives did not want Independence for the country. The lecture was never held and that was the reason we had the very first political riot in Kano. But soon after, we were able to put these things behind us and our leaders came together and they started discussing the real issues of Independence.

 Then, there was the census crisis in the House of Representatives in 1958 or so. The census figures were not accepted. For about a week, there was heated debate in the house, the country was about to break to pieces. Like a miracle, one morning the Prime Minister made a short a statement that brought to an end the heated crisis.  Again, we were able to overcome. In 1959, after the Independence elections, no party had the overall majority to enable it form the government alone. But NPC had more seats than Action Group or NCNC. People started talking or urging the two southern parties to form an alliance. If they did, they would be able to form a government. But some well meaning people waded into the crisis. They said, look if you do that, you will elbow out the North. The NPC represents the North is more than half of the country in size and population. If you did that you will elbow out the North and the North might think of breaking away from the country.

 They told Zik, “ Look you were in the forefront for the struggle of the Independence of the country and you wanted an Independent , united Nigeria. If you did this, you will break up Nigeria.”

 Zik did the right thing, he agreed to enter into alliance with the NPC. He agreed to surrender the prime minister ship with the executive power to the NPC. That saved the country again.  In 1964, we had a controversial election, the two main political parties – Action Group and NCNC, boycotted the elections.  The NPC and the UNDP, a new party formed by Chief Akintola after he had broken away from the Action Group, went to the polls.  Akintola was the Premier of the West. So the West and the North went to the polls. The East and Mid -West did not and we claimed that we had won the elections.  Azikiwe who was the President  was the one to invite the leader of the governing party to form the government. He said that he would not because elections were not conclusive or the elections were not conducted properly. The country became ungovernable.

Some well meaning people waded into the crisis and they brought the leaders of the parties, NCNC and NPC together and they agreed that parties that did not hold the elections should to go and conduct elections- in the Mid West and in the East where there were no elections and where the NCNC was in control. They went and held elections and brought their members and they joined to form what was then called a broad based government. Again we overcame. Even the coup in 1966 would not have been possible if the Prime Minister had made the statement he wanted to make the next day. This is because on the night of the coup, the Prime Minister was telling K.O Mbadiwe and Festus Okotie Eboh, when they went to discuss the Western crisis that he did not support the crisis and that he would make a statement the next day and declare a state of emergency in the West, remove Akintola and appoint an administrator.

 He had even drafted the speech and gave it to Mbadiwe and said he should go and sleep over it. That if he had any suggestions he should bring them back the next morning. That was the statement he never made. On that night, he was carried away and killed.  So, if he had made that statement, we would have overcome that crisis. However, after the coup, when there was a counter coup in June and July, 1966, many people wanted to break out. Again some people waded into the crisis and we were able to save the country and the country remained one. Then the civil war came. Nobody expected that Nigeria would be the same again. In no part of the world was there any civil war at the end of which the country remained the same. Here in Nigeria, we were able to make it. After the civil war, we came back together and we are still together. God has done it. What God has brought together, let no man put asunder.

 But 50 years later, there are still agitations to secede in the east?

Although they are still making efforts, they will not succeed by the grace of God. There are people who did not know what happened during the civil war. The story of the civil war, the Biafra war, is presented in different ways by different people. But the truth is yet to be known. For example, no one in Lagos; no one of us in Lagos knows about the night of the coup and the day after; no one knows it more than I do.  I have been asked several times to write about what I saw on that night, but I have told people that I will not. Were I to write and tell the nation what I know, what I saw, what I heard before, during and after the coup, I will open fresh wounds. I will not do that.

 What is your advice to the agitators?

 Those agitating for it are young people who don’t know the history. In any event, those in the North are not afraid, but they don’t want it. I don’t want this country to disintegrate because we in the North cannot stand on our own. I was the Minister of Mines and Power. On Independence, I was the first Minister of Oil and I had served more than any other Minister in that ministry having been there for almost seven years- from 1959 to 1966. I know what we have in the country and I know what we have in the North.

 We have got diamonds, gold, uranium and even oil and minerals. We have got agricultural lands. We have got the land and we can be on our own, but that I don’t want us to be alone. I want us to share these with our brothers.  It is not for nothing that God has brought us together. God has brought us together so that we may learn to live with one another in peace. God wants to lead Africa and we can only do this if we are united at home and if we respect one another at home. Nigeria is big enough to accommodate all of us. We must learn to respect one another. Today, we are talking of globalization and yet people here are talking of disintegration. Europe has formed the European Union.  Even Africa has got an African Union. The United States of America is thinking of teaming up with Canada and Brazil to form an Economic Union in that area.  We are talking of globalization and unification. Quite recently, Scotland wanted to break away from Great Britain, but it did not succeed. They remained one. They are still part of Great Britain. Yet, here you are talking of breaking away. No! Let those sons of ours think of Nigeria. Their people are very enterprising, hardworking. They are industrious. I want them to feel free to go to any part of the country and feel that we are together, that we are our brothers’ keepers.

 What is assessment of the administration of President Buhari?

Buhari is a man of integrity, but he is also a human being. I am not saying that he is not making mistakes. He is not perfect. Perfection is an attribute of God. No one person is perfect. But Buhari  is a man who can deliver. He is not corrupt, he is not greedy and he has integrity, both moral and financial. And what we need is leader .We have a saying in Hausa that if any congregational prayer goes wrong, it is the man leading it that spoils it and that is why I always pray that God may give us leaders and not rulers nor looters. May God grant that we may have leaders who will know when they are no longer equal to the exigencies of their nation and would have the prudence of handing over to others before they forfeit the respect of their countrymen.

We must have such leaders. We had them in the past and at the beginning of this country- the founding fathers. We are now having one in Buhari, I say this because of Buhari’s own record. When he was a military leader, we saw it. Within the short period that he led this country, he was able to instil disciplined in our country, he raised the moral tone of this country, he started fighting corruption and he gave this country a sense of direction. I strongly believe and pray that he would do the same and even more this time around.